우분투 14.04 openbox desktop 구축

우분투 14.04의 경우 한글의 상단 잘림 문제, 일부 소프트웨어에서의 한글 입력 문제 등이 보고되는 것 같다. 개인적으로 일단 유니티는 쓰기 싫고 해서 최소 설치 버전인 netboot 이미지 (i386) 을 받아서 virtualbox에 앞에서와 같은 방식으로 해 보았다. 한글 폰트 부분 설치에서만 작은 차이를 보이고 동일한 과정을 거쳐서 쉽게 데스크탑 환경 구축이 가능했다. 더구나 한글 위쪽 잘림 현상도 안보이고 입력기도 나비를 썼을 때 큰 문제를 못느끼고 있다. 여러번 연습을 통해 나름대로 과정도 정리가 되고 해서 한번 더 정리된 글을 올린다. 

몇몇 필요한 프로그램이나 미리 정리된 configuration 파일 등은 아래의 글에서 다운받을 수 있다.

http://smores.tistory.com/563

ubuntu 14.04LTS netboot i386 mini cd iso minimal desktop on virtualbox 

download from  http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/netboot/14.04/

1. text based install / reboot

2. install gui bases (gui engine, desktop)

    $ sudo apt-get update

    $ sudo apt-get install xorg openbox obmenu

    $ startx

    open terminal (mouse r-click > menu > terminal emulator)

3. desktop utils (appearance, wallpaper, terminal, file manager, etc)

    $ sudo apt-get install lxappearance nitrogen idesk tint2 

    $ sudo apt-get install lxterminal pcmanfm gmrun gnome-screenshot leafpad

    openbox exit (mouse r-click > menu > exit)

    $ startx

    run lxterminal (mouse r-click > menu > terminal emulator)

    run tint2 ($ tint2) and quit by Ctrl+C to create ~/.config/tint2 directory

    run obconf ($ obmenu or mouse r-click > menu), change theme, quit to create ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml

    run lxappearance ($ lxappearance) and change icon theme and quit

    run obmenu ($ obmenu), click save button(diskette icon), quit to create ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml 

4. install virtualbox guestadditions

    $ sudo apt-get update

    $ sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r`

    mount cd (virtualbox menu devices > insert guest additions cd image

    $ sudo mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

    $ cd /mnt

    $ sudo ./VBoxLin[Tab key]

    $ sudo shutdown -r 0

5. korean input/output

    system login

    $ startx

    open terminal (mouse r-click > menu > terminal emulator)

    $ sudo apt-get install fonts-nanum fonts-nanum-coding nabi im-switch

    in 12.04LTS, ttf-nanum* instead of fonts-nanum fonts-nanum-coding

    $ im-switch -s nabi

6. sound driver (alsa)

    $ sudo apt-get install alsa alsa-tools volumeicon-alsa

    $ sudo adduser [user id] audio

    $ sudo init 6

    the system will reboot, then login

    $ startx

    check if nabi ime window is opening up on the desktop (wait a while)

    check if windows size can be resized freely (virtualbox guest window)

    open terminal (mouse r-click > menu > terminal emulator)

    check korean input (L-shift+space: ko-en toggle, F9: chinese conv)

    $ alsamixer

    turn on master, master-m, pcm (M key), volume level adjust (cursor up/down), exit (ESC)

7. web browser

    firefox

    to use the latest version of firefox, need to get the .tar.bz2 format file from mozilla

    to download that file, use another lightweight webbrowser such as midori

    $ sudo apt-get install midori

    $ midori 

    goto mozilla.org, download firefox, the file will be in the home directory

    once transfer completed message pops up, quit midori

    $ tar -xvjf fi[Tab Key]

    flash plugin

    $ sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree

    test firefox

    $ cd firefox

    $ ./firefox

    if needed, make link

    $ sudo ln -s /home/[user id]/firefox/firefox /bin/firefox

    go to naver.com, youtube.com to see korean font, flash plugin request, ... 

    if don't need midori any more, remove it

    $ sudo apt-get remove --purge midori

    $ sudo apt-get autoremove midori

8. set various configurations of gui (appearance, wallpaper, panel, menu, etc.)

    autostart programs

    $ vi (or leafpad) ~/.config/openbox/autostart  ## put following lines

        nitrogen --restore &  ## desktop wallpaper

        tint2 &  ## panel 

        volumeicon &  ## volume icon in panel's tray area (nabi moves into tray automatically if tint2 runs)

        conky &  ## if installed and want to use it

        xcompmgr -cCfF -r9 -o.75 -l-10 -t-9 -D5 &  ## if installed and want to use it

    menu edit

    $ obmenu   ## gui style openbox menu editor

    download preconfigured one from the link

    and replace with original ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml

    desktop shortcut

    $ vi ~/.config.openbox/rc.xml  ## or

    download preconfigured one from the link

    and replace with original ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml

    conky (if use)

    $ vi ~/.conkyrc  ## or

    download preconfigured one from the link

    and rename it to .conkyrc and replace with original ~/.conkyrc

    tint2

    $ vi ~/.config/tint2/tint2rc  ## or

    download preconfigured one from the link

    and replace with ~/.config/tint2/tint2rc

9. extra utils

    conky (system monitor)

    $ sudo apt-get install conky

    xcompmgr (composite manager for transparent window, border shadow effect, etc.)

    download .deb file from link

    $ sudo dpkg -i xcom[Tab key]

    font rendering adjustment

    $ sudo vi ~/.Xdefaults  ## and put following lines

        Xft.autohint: 0 

        Xft.antialias: 1

        Xft.hinting: true

        Xft.hintstyle: hintslight 

        Xft.dpi: 96

        Xft.rgba: rgb

        Xft.lcdfilter: lcddefault

    if there's ~/.fontconfig directory, remove it (using pcmanfm is easy)

    exit openbox and start again

10. useful application software

    windows korean fonts for web browsing korean sites (batang, gulim, ...)

    download from the link

    $ sudo apt-get install unzip    

    $ unzip winkorfont.zip

    $ sudo mv batang.ttc /usr/share/fonts

    $ sudo mv gulim.ttc /usr/share/fonts

    $ sudo mv malgun.ttf /usr/share/fonts

    $ sudo fc-cache -fv

    multimedia software: moc audacious

    office software: libreoffice

    system utilitiies: mc

    photo editor, viewer: gimp

    programming editor: gedit geany

    internet: chrome chromium